Medical Ethics

ISSN Print 2713-0894 ISSN Online 2713-0908

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Issue 3, 2025

Topic Space biology, space medicine and space psychologyin the context of "human sciences"

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Issue 2, 2024

Topic Ethical aspects of creating clinical guidelines for practitioners

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Issue 3, 2024

Topic Application of artificial intelligence in healthcare: ethical conclusion

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Issue 4, 2024

Topic Implementation of neurotechnologies. Development of ethical guidelines

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Issue 1, 2025

Topic Amendments and additions to the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects"

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Issue 2, 2025

Topic Bioethical problems of quantum computing

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New articles

Ziganshina LE, Yudina EV, Ziganshin AU

This article is one in a sequence of publications in the Journal of Medical Ethics focused on the integrity of healthcare research. Our first article in the series on integrity in modern biomedical science briefly reviewed the main stages of the global think tank development calling to attention of a wide range of specialists from local ethical committees, editorial boards of biomedical journals, and experts of scientific funds who determine the research priorities and fund studies. In this article, we concentrated on the specific contribution and pioneering function of the Cochrane collaboration in developing scientific research integrity principles.

Received: 2025-09-24

Published online: 2025-11-27

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.022

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VIEWS 34

Yeregin SY, Klyuyeva PA

The article reviews the bioethical concern in providing lipid-lowering therapy to children with hereditary dyslipidemia. The concern is associated with the gap between clinical recommendations and official prescribing information. The purpose of the research was to perform a comparative analysis of regulatory documents, clinical recommendations and prescribing information of 11 medicinal preparations including statins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, fibrates, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and PCSK9 inhibitors. The analysis has shown the lack of pediatric-specific data regarding effectiveness and safety of 45% prescribed medications. It imposes direct age restrictions and prevents their use in patients under 18. At the same time, clinical guidelines advocate for early initiation of therapy to reduce the lifetime risk of cardiovascular complications in children with familial hypercholesterolemia. The discovered regulatory inconsistency creates a legal barrier and makes physicians encounter ethical difficulties. The results emphasize the need to update regulatory documents and conduct additional clinical studies to ensure a safe use of lipid-lowering drugs in pediatric practice.

Received: 2025-09-22

Published online: 2025-11-21

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.021

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VIEWS 56

Yaichkov II, Volkhin NN, Petukhov SS, Lasaryanz OE

4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamide (ODASA), which is a novel selective type II carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for treating open-angle glaucoma, is undergoing preclinical testing. Pharmacokinetics of the substance have only been studied in rats. Prior to clinical studies, it is necessary to assess the systemic exposure of ODASA in non-rodents. ODASA was administered to Soviet Chinchilla rabbits at a dose of 0.28 mg/kg. About 40 µl of ocular suspension of ODASA was instilled into each eye of animals from the first group, whereas the second group received intraperitoneal injections of the investigational drug. Each group consisted of 6 male rabbits. Samples were obtained prior to administration of ODASA and during 288 hours following the administration at 16 time points. A 10% ascorbic acid solution was added to plasma before freezing. The samples were analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS. Following eyedrop instillation, relative bioavailability for ODASA was 31% as compared to IP administration. Thus, as ODASA was well absorbed into the systemic circulation of rabbits following topical eyedrop instillation, testing its pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers will be obligatory if the preparation proceeds to phase 1 of clinical studies.

Received: 2025-07-23

Published online: 2025-11-09

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.020

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Kostrov SA, Potapov MP

The article presents a review on the potential of the distributed ledger technology (DLT), particularly federated blockchain, that can be used to create a secure, transparent and patient-managed ecosystem of medical data. The hybrid architecture reviewed uses the blockchain to store immutable metadata and hashes, and manage large amounts of data (for example, diagnostic images) on external cloud storage, which ensures the integrity of data without network overloading. The key aspect of the research is to analyze long-term threats posed by quantum computing that makes current cryptographic standards vulnerable. It is stressed that adoption of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is required to ensure future security of medical data. An analysis was carried out to compare the leading global (CRYSTALS-Dilithium, Falcon) and Russian (Hypericum, Shipovnik) post-quantum cryptography algorithms.

Received: 2025-08-13

Published online: 2025-11-03

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.019

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VIEWS 114

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Popular articles

Kostrov SA, Potapov MP

The article analyzes the latest ethical challenges associated with introduction of large language models (LLMs) in medicine and healthcare. Various LLM architectures, stages of their training (pretraining, pretuning, reinforcement learning from human feedback) and criteria for quality of training data are reviewed. The emphasis is on a range of ethical issues such as copyright for AI-generated content; systematic bias in algorithms and risk of generating false information; a need to ensure transparency and explainability of AI (XAI); issues of confidentiality and protection of personal medical data, including difficulties with anonymization and obtaining informed consent. Aspects of legal responsibility for using LLMs in clinical practice are also analyzed and technological solutions (federated learning, homomorphic encryption) to minimize risks are discussed. The need for an integrated approach combining technological improvement, development of ethical standards, adaptation of legislation and critical supervision of the medical community is emphasized to ensure safe and effective integration of LLMs into clinical practice.

Received: 2025-05-06

Published online: 2025-06-29

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.008

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VIEWS 545

Pleshchev IE, Nikolenko VN, Achkasov EE, Shkrebko AN

Human genome research in sports brings about complex ethical questions related to genetic manipulation for enhancement of performance among athletes. Genes enhancing raises concerns about fairness, equality, and respect for human dignity. This review explores the ethical aspects of human genome research in sports and its potential effect on the integrity of sports. Methodologically, this article provides a systematic analysis of scientific publications and expert insights to explore the ethical challenges of athletic genetics. This study extensively examined the current literature on genetics and sports performance, as well as ethical contradictions in modern science and sports. The literature was searched using Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases. Keywords included “genetics”, “sports performance”, “ethics”, “bioethics”, “genetic testing”, “human rights”, “sports”. The searching strategy was formulated without time constraints. Thus, both recent and fundamental works in this direction could be included. In conclusion, it is stated in this review that genetic technologies in sports should be developed and applied in accordance with ethical considerations. It is crucial because this is how fundamental principles of fairness, equality, and respect for human dignity can be supported. The review stresses the importance of an open dialogue about the potential influence of genetic advancements on athletic performance, future generations, and integrity of sports.

Received: 2025-07-16

Published online: 2025-08-30

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.013

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VIEWS 476