ISSN Print 2713-0894    ISSN Online 2713-0908
Medical Ethics
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Clinical case The ethical aspect of working with audiology patients: the relationship between hearing and cognitive function
Vinogradova MV
Currently, the prevalence of hearing loss in the population is extremely high both among elderly and younger patients due to the prolonged and intense load on the auditory analyzer. Auditory disorders are currently one of the most important geriatric and ethical problems, since it has a significant negative impact on a human’s emotional and physical condition, and is the cause of conflicts with other people. According to the research done in recent decades, there is a relationship between hearing loss and cognitive decline, which can be assessed using the MCAS (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale) test. This article presents a clinical case of a patient with progressive sensorineural hearing loss and, as a result, a decrease in cognitive functions, as well as the ethical aspect of the work of an ENT specialist with audiology patients.
Received: 2024-05-04
Published online: 2024-06-26
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.010
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VIEWS 54
Original research Islands of mercy. Russian doctors during military operations in the North Caucasus in the 1990s and early 2000s
Tumakov DV
At the turn of the XX–XXI centuries, Russia had to conduct active military operations twice to suppress the hotbed of separatism, crime and terrorism in the North Caucasus. Serious military medicine forces had to be involved. Meanwhile, the participation of medical professionals in two Chechen operations is still on the periphery of attention of domestic researchers. In the 1990s and early 2000s, the Russian mass media wrote that military doctors were helping wounded and sick servicemen of the federal troops directly on the front line and in rear hospitals, often informed the general public about maintaining the mental health of recent front-line soldiers, and also never ignored the assistance to the civilian population (women, the elderly, children) of the Chechen Republic. Some press publications described the most successful and complex operations performed by Russian military surgeons. In many publications of those years, you can also find reports about the doctors who distinguished themselves the most during the active hostilities and were awarded high state awards, including the Gold Star of the Hero of the Russian Federation. The practical activities of Russian doctors in the North Caucasus in the 1990s and early 2000s resulted not only in the saving of the lives of the vast majority of wounded soldiers, but also in restoration of the Chechen health system, prevention of epidemics and successful fight against numerous infectious diseases.
Received: 2024-05-24
Published online: 2024-06-20
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.009
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VIEWS 89
Original research Comparative analysis of the adaptability of COVID-19 pandemic clinical trial protocols by several sponsors
Khokholov AL, Eleskina AA, Belchik LM
The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has put a huge strain on health systems around the world. Clinical trials of new drugs were also influenced by the pandemic, during which Sponsors came across a number of problems, including ensuring patient safety and maintaining the ability to obtain reliable data in the course of ongoing research. The purpose of this study was to compare the protocols of clinical trials of two Sponsors, approved by the Russian health authorities for three years, from 2017 to 2019, by their adaptability to the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. 23 protocols and 51 amendments were studied in total. The amendments published in 2020 by both Sponsors underwent a comparative analysis to determine the degree of their influence by the pandemic. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the correlation analysis. Conclusions were drawn about the Sponsors’ approach to clinical trial planning and establishing the safety margin of clinical trial protocols.
Received: 2024-04-24
Published online: 2024-06-18
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.008
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VIEWS 77
Review Ethical and social aspects of teenage pregnancy
Kurmangaleeva AYu, Sibirskaya EV
Teen pregnancy remains one of the key social issues that deeply affects not only the life of a young mother and her child but their inner circle and society as well. In spite of multiple efforts to reduce its prevalence rate, teen pregnancy is still a pressing issue in many countries. Currently, there are several key problems that can result in an increased risk of teen pregnancy. They include an early beginning of sexual activity, history of sexual abuse, low social and economic status, lack of parental care and support, cultural and family behavioral models, use of psychoactive substances, poor academic performance and expulsion from school. In addition, the probability of a repeated teenage pregnancy is significantly increased, passing the problem on from one generation to another. This article is aimed at a comprehensive analysis of these factors and statistical data in order to better understand the problem of teenage pregnancy, assess its consequences for the health and well-being of those underaged and their children. Special attention is paid to the ethical and social aspects of teenage pregnancy.
Received: 2024-03-15
Published online: 2024-06-13
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.007
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VIEWS 78
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Popular articles

Original research School of research ethics. Axiology of bioethics and challenges of technological development
Firsov DE
Intensive development of modern science expands the scope of bioethical issues. Debates on ethical aspects of bioinformatics, neurotechnology, genetics, bioeconomics, ethics of preclinical and clinical trials are actively developing. Axiology of bioethics is of particular relevance. It is the structure of valuable categories that determines the priorities of ‘human science’ development taking into account the historical experience of interaction between a person and community, and criteria of civilized changes in the actual and perspective (prognostic) sense. Development of bioethical axiology is influenced by the challenges of technological development of the current decade, the issues that objectively demand a reaction on the part of the state and society. One of the main tasks of modern bioethics is to develop bioethical thinking, and grounds for using bioethical axiology in the scientific process. Health axiology, which represents a fixed conscious attitude to the issues of health developed during the academic process to be subsequently used during a labor process, is practical expression of bioethical thinking. Bioethical dialogue is essential as it urges young perspective specialists to examine novel bioethical scientific issues and achieve technological country-specific goals. Focus on young scientist’s potential totally corresponds to the cross-cutting goal of axiological, prognostic and educational tasks of bioethics. Bioethical thinking is developed based on the experience of the school of ethics of scientific research, which is an educational project intended for young Russian researchers.
Received: 2024-02-05
Published online: 2024-03-04
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.035
Comments 0
VIEWS 300
Original research Ethical aspects, safety issues of cardiac surgery and prediction of adverse events
Shereshneva MV, Ilyin MV
In cardiac surgery, patient’s awareness and consent to surgery are problematic as due to the lack of previous medical background a patient can’t understand the processes occurring in the body and effects of exposure on them. Thus, provision of sufficient information by a doctor is a part of safe surgical strategy. An open randomized prospective trial involving 89 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) was conducted. High rate of blood oxidation is believed to be an independent predictor of cognitive dysfunction development during the early postoperative period of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Determination of blood oxidation rate is a tool of risk management during cardiac surgery starting from the stage of preoperative preparation, which is optimal to implement a safe strategy, including psychological and drug-induced support of the patient aimed at prevention of cognitive disturbances.
Received: 2023-11-26
Published online: 2024-02-28
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.034
Comments 0
VIEWS 283