ISSN Print 2713-0894    ISSN Online 2713-0908
Medical Ethics
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Opinion Ethical issues in tuberculosis comorbidity with cancer
Khokholov AL, Chelnokova OG, Skrypnik NV, Dmitrieva AP
An increased number of patients who have tuberculosis (TB) comorbidity with cancer leads to a number of ethical problems. Approaches to treatment of oncological diseases in patients with TB have not been developed yet limiting provision of care to patients with comorbidities. The priority of TB treatment leads to a loss of time spent on treatment of oncological diseases and occurrence of vicious circles when progression of an oncological disease prevents from an effective treatment of TB and initiation of cancer treatment. At the same time, interaction of anti-tuberculosis and antitumor drugs has not been studied, limiting their simultaneous administration. Long-term diagnostics of TB represents an ethical problem. The set problems can be solved during scientific research on TB prevention in cancer patients, treatment of patients with comorbidities and interdisciplinary interaction in practical healthcare on an individual basis.
Received: 2024-12-06
Published online: 2025-03-27
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.034
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VIEWS 56
Original research Medical activity during military conflicts in the post-soviet space in the 1990s covered by Meditsinskaya Gazeta
Tumakov DV
At the end of the 20th century, a number of post‑Soviet states faced multicultural conflicts or civil wars. Military actions in Abkhazia, Transnistria, and Tajikistan received widespread coverage in the Russian press of that time. Meanwhile, efforts of medical professionals to localize the mentioned and some other conflicts are often ignored by domestic and foreign researchers. In the early 1990s, the independent international periodical Meditsinskaya Gazeta repeatedly mentioned that the wounded and sick military personnel received assistance from doctors on the front line or in rear hospitals. The newspaper also mentioned the help provided by Russian doctors to the civilian population in the notorious flashpoints. Some of its publications reported on the most successful and complex operations carried out by Russian specialists during those years. In those years, Meditsinskaya Gazeta also reported on the doctors who distinguished themselves during active hostilities or on the fight against epidemics. The newspaper took up a pronounced peace‑loving position. The result of the practical activities of Russian doctors in the military operations of the post‑Soviet space in the 1990s was not only saving the lives of wounded servicemen and civilians, but also an attempt to unite the efforts of the medical community of the CIS countries to restore peaceful life in flashpoints, prevent epidemic outbreaks and successfully combat numerous infectious diseases.
Received: 2025-02-27
Published online: 2025-03-19
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.033
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VIEWS 88
Opinion Ethical aspects of artificial intelligence
Ierusalimskiy YuYu, Lukashenko SP
According to representatives of technical sciences and philology, there is no artificial intelligence (AI). AI is just a term describing algorithms that work according to a specific program. Discussing the issues of AI, it is necessary to take into account the ethical part. Artificial intelligence has neither bad nor good intentions. It acts the way programmers write. Humanity can disappear if a living creature will be replaced by a not living one. AI is not alive. A human personality is destructed when they can’t love and be loved any longer. If only AI and machines remain, a human life will cease, and there will be no people left on Earth. This is the main ethical problem of artificial intelligence. AI is a good human assistant, but in the AI–human dyad, a person must remain in charge.
Received: 2024-11-20
Published online: 2025-03-16
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.032
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VIEWS 106
Opinion Amendments and additions to the World Medical Association declaration of Helsinki “Ethical principles for medical research involving human participants” [1]
Khokholov AL, Firsov DE, Sopetina DN
The current version of the Declaration of Helsinki, adopted at the 75th General Assembly of the World Medical Association in October 2024, represents a significant step forward in the updating one of the basic international documents defining fundamental approaches to regulating medical research involving humans. The amendments and additions to the Declaration reflect the task of ensuring compliance of ethical principles of medical research with real research practice. For 60 years, the Declaration of Helsinki has maintained its importance as an ethical guide upholding the humanistic principles of medical research, motivating the professional medical community to cooperate and consolidate in the prevention of risks to humans, following the interests of science and society.
Received: 2025-01-27
Published online: 2025-03-13
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2025.002
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VIEWS 127
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Original research Antirheumatic activity of 3-imidazole-substituted-4,5-diaryloisoxazol-3-carboxylic acid amide derivative, a proteinase inhibitor-activated type II receptor
Fedorov VN, Korsakov MK, Shetnev AA, Grechischeva OV, Vdovichenko VP, Volkhin NN, Smirnov NA, Khokhlova AA, Arshinov AV
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is a complex and time-consuming process that does not always lead to significant results both due to poor effectiveness of drugs and drug toxicity. It means we need to search for new pharmacological targets to influence the pathological process, one of which is inhibition of proteinase-activated receptors 2 (PAR2 receptors) activity. In 2016–2019, synthesis of low-molecular-weight antagonists of PAR2 receptors belonging to 4,5-dihydroisoxazole-5-carboxamide derivatives was carried out, and in 2023 their anti-inflammatory efficacy was examined using the formaldehyde edema model. The most effective laboratory R004 compound was tested on a model of autoimmune pristane-induced inflammation in rats. During treatment of chronic inflammation in rats, R004 inhibited significant development of edema of feet, damage to small joints, and specific changes in the formula of white blood, and according to biochemical blood test led to normalization of liver and kidney functions and energy metabolism. R004 turned out to be more effective and safer than the comparator drugs such as diclofenac sodium and dexamethasone.
Received: 2024-10-29
Published online: 2024-12-13
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.022
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VIEWS 363
Original research The attitude of young doctors toward patient-centred medical care
Mylnikova IS, Mylnikova MA, Shkolnikova EA
Patient-centredness is a relatively new proof-of-concept setting associated with the concept of quality of medical care, which gradually becomes a new moral standard of medical practice. We conducted a study of the attitude of the younger generation of doctors (graduate students and residents of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University and RUDN, 2024) towards patient-centredness. They were offered a questionnaire consisting of 21 questions on different aspects of patient-centred communication. 155 completed questionnaires were received. The answers indicated that many young doctors are familiar with the concept of patient-centred approach and practice patient-centred communication skills. At the same time, many people feel a lack of training in this area and realize their vulnerability in communicating with the patient. At the same time, the survey revealed paternalistic attitudes in more than half of the respondents. It can be concluded that young doctors need not only mastering the skills of patient-centred communication, but also a deeper study of the moral foundations of patient-centredness, which can be implemented within the training courses in bioethics, as well as while teaching clinical disciplines.
Received: 2024-10-22
Published online: 2024-12-17
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.023
Comments 0
VIEWS 333