ISSN Print 2713-0894    ISSN Online 2713-0908
Medical Ethics
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Original research Ethical challenges and interdisciplinary approaches in neuroethics across brics nations: analysis of general and specific issues
Romanov FA, Yavorsky AN, Lavrenteva LI, Firsov DE, Klyuyeva PA
The paper explores the general and specific dilemmas in neuroethics across BRICS nations that develop science and create unified ethical standards. In spite of cultural and economic differences, these nations come across similar challenges in neurotechnology, protection of human rights and responsible use of data. It requires analysis and establishing coordinated bioethical recommendations. A comprehensive analysis has been conducted the factors influencing the formation of priorities in neuroethics across BRICS nations amidst the rapid advancement of modern neuroscience and the growing practical implementation of neurotechnology. Particular emphasis was placed on identifying key transnational ethical issues relevant to all member states, while also determining specific challenges arising from unique national healthcare systems, scientific and technological progress, legal frameworks, and socio-cultural contexts.
Received: 2026-10-17
Published online: 2026-10-21
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2026.033
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Opinion Professional stigmatization of specialists in tuberculosis care: ethical analysis and ways to overcome it
Chelnokova OG, Skrypnik NV, Dmitrieva AP, Gorenkova NYu
This study examines how stigmas among specialists in tuberculosis care (phthisiologists) make the profession less popular and result in emotional burnout. The professional stigma is based on several factors such as the fear of contamination in an institution with inadequate infectious safety standards; transfer of social stigmas about tuberculosis (viewing it strictly as a disease of poverty and social dysfunction) onto healthcare professionals; an underestimation of the complexity of phthisiology as a contemporary, high-tech medical field; and a deficit in organizational protection for healthcare personnel. It is essential to differentiate between reasonable caution and stigma. Thus, a rational response to the professional risk is represented by infectious control rather than by social distancing. Reasonable response to the risk is to make infectious control perfect and protect the rights of the personnel instead of alienating and devaluing the profession. A combination of measures can make the problem less acute. The combination can include information and educational programs, safe labor conditions, confidentiality warranties, protection against workplace violence, a fair distribution of workload, and the formal recognition of phthisiology as a comprehensive, high-tech clinical discipline This approach enhances not only the well-being of staff and staff retention in tuberculosis services, but also strengthens trust of patients, improves the quality of care, and facilitates the achievement of broader healthcare objectives in global tuberculosis control.
Received: 2026-09-26
Published online: 2026-10-21
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2026.032
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Original research Ethical foundations for developing critical media literacy in future physicians when working with english-language medical sources
Melnikova EY
Infodemics and misinformation online poses a significant threat to informed healthcare decision-making. The use of English-language publications by future physicians, which makes up a substantial part of international medical communication, deserves particular attention. In this paper, critical media literacy is considered as a component of the professional ethical training of medical university students, formed through the English language during the learning process. A critical evaluation of an English-language medical message aligns with the principle of non-maleficence and is implemented in the practice of foreign language critical reading. The analyzed data included English popular science, advertising, and user-generated texts treating medical issues. This study relied chiefly on Norman Fairclough’s approach to critical discourse analysis. The analysis allowed for the systematization of six groups of linguistic and discursive indicators that require additional verification of medical claims: the method of knowledge attribution, the correlation between modality and strength of evidence, evaluative and promotional framing, the nature of argumentation, the transparency of subjects and information sources, and the possibility of external verification. The identified signs do not serve as independent proof of a message’s credibility or falsehood, but rather guide students to verify the source and supporting evidence. A training module for developing critical media literacy has been designed. It is intended to be integrated into a foreign language course and includes tasks for critically evaluating English-language texts on medical topics. The work is theoretical and methodological in nature. The effectiveness of the training module should be validated at the next stage of the research.
Received: 2026-10-07
Published online: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2026.031
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Original research Ethical review of innovative biotechnologies: the principle of non-maleficence in an uncertain environment
Mylnikova IS
This paper examines the ethical review of innovative biotechnologies under conditions of deep uncertainty regarding their long-term consequences. Traditional models of biomedical ethics, developed primarily for clinical contexts, presuppose a relatively well-defined and localized type of risk. Genome editing, synthetic biology, and cellular therapies, however, alter the epistemic status of risk: its effects may be delayed, difficult to reverse, distributed across populations, intergenerational, and poorly characterized. The paper argues for a reconceptualization of the principle of non-maleficence under uncertainty: from a logic of prohibition to a logic of precaution; from risk estimation to the management of uncertainty; and from individual consent to collective participation in decision-making.
Received: 2026-09-08
Published online: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2026.030
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Review Pre-birth pharmacogenetics: personalized pharmacotherapy, the burden of knowledge and ethics of a parental decision
Demarina SM, Usolkin AA, Balashova YD, Tikhomirova SV
This review examines the ethical and legal implications of creating pharmacogenetic passports during the preconception (prior to conception) and prenatal (intrauterine) periods. The work is based on a methodological differentiation between the stages of genetic testing.. Preconception screening aims to assess carrier status in prospective parents and ensure their reproductive freedom, while prenatal testing provides fetus-related data, raising bioethical issues regarding the protection of interests and self-determination of the future child. The technologies of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), and prospects for intrauterine pharmacotherapy in severe congenital abnormalities are discussed. Special attention is given to ethical conflicts such as a conflict between the right to health and the right not to know, limits of parental proxy, and risk of genetic stigmatization. Normative approaches are suggested to address the identified ethical tensions (minimum intervention, clinical benefit, and deferred choice). The analysis of the Russian legislation and international instruments (Oviedo Convention, the GINA Act, the GDPR) yields recommendations for the healthcare system and legal regulation.
Received: 2026-03-19
Published online: 2026-05-23
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2026.012
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Review The ethical conduct of a pharmacy executive as the cornerstone of executive professionalism
Alekseeva KS, Galkina GA
Upholding ethical standards in pharmacy administration enhances a leader’s professional competency, ensuring the provision of premium medical care. Yet, organizations still struggle to agree on standard ethical practices. In pharmacy, this is worsened by leaders viewing their roles as mere paperwork, entirely divorced from ethical or socially responsible considerations. Consequently, exploring the professional ethics governing pharmacy executives is paramount for optimizing public access to pharmaceutical care. Application of general scientific methods reveals that managerial ethics is an amalgam of organizational culture, socio-psychological dynamics, and core professional practices. Pharmaceutical managers must integrate ethical principles and regulatory compliance into every facet of their professional duties. The foundational ethics of a pharmacy manager are developed progressively, beginning post-graduation and evolving through lifelong professional education.
Received: 2026-05-15
Published online: 2026-06-08
DOI: 10.24075/medet.2026.013
Comments 0
VIEWS 669