We overview the possibilities and limitations of drug repositioning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and ways to reduce the new biogenic threats in the future. Drug repositioning — identifying new indications for approved drugs — is a natural prompt response to SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 viral infection. The current state of the research and development of drugs for the therapy of COVID-19 using in silico and in vitro methods is considered. In conclusion, it is noted that nowadays, the creation of innovative medicines, despite the success of translational science, takes a lot of time. Therefore, in order to select the most promising pharmaceutical agents, it is essential to integrate and analyze entire available information obtained using in silico, in vitro and in vivo methods.