The main tactics used for COVID-19 prevention should be both quarantine measures and the large-scale vaccination of the population. This does raise many ethical issues related to obtaining informed consent in biomedical research and clinical practice. The full and adequate ethical review of vaccination against the novel coronavirus infection can be provided only subject to ethical aspects of voluntary informed consent. Without that, it would be impossible to control the quality, efficiency and safety of the vaccine, and, consequently, the patients’ vaccination and its results.