Discussion of the draft of the Recommendations on the Ethics of Neurotechnology proposed by UNESCO reveals the need to develop domestic regulations in this area, taking into account modern challenges of technological development. The purpose of the recommendations in the field of neuroethics is to ensure the human right to protect health, well-being and dignity associated with the risks of technological interference in the brain and mental processes, as well as threats associated with the social and humanitarian consequences of scientific and technological progress in the field of neuroscience and neurotechnology. The draft of domestic recommendations should establish obligations related to the ethical aspects of creation, implementation and use of neurotechnologies, which are currently not regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation and acts of technical regulation. The objectives of the recommendations are to specify the terminological apparatus in accordance with the current regulatory legal acts, targeted separation of neurotechnologies for medical and non-medical purposes, ensuring safety for the health and well-being of vulnerable persons and social groups. In the socioeconomic aspect, development of domestic recommendations on the use of neurotechnologies shows the relevance of stimulating development of domestic production and socioeconomic growth in accordance with the national development goals of the Russian Federation until 2030.