Medical Ethics

ISSN Print 2713-0894 ISSN Online 2713-0908

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Palyutin ShH, Zilber IE, Pozdnyakov NO, Sinitsina OA, Speshilova SA, Sirotkina AM

During the long history of antibiotics, resistance of causative agents of main infectious diseases was estimated as a very serious threat to effective treatment of patients and as a social and economic problem faced by the entire mankind. The activities performed by the medical society provided no significant effect resulting in growing antibiotic resistance. The pandemic of novel coronavirus infection only made things worse. It became a new challenge for the medical community regarding searching solutions which are clinical, organizational and methodological by nature in the global struggle with resistance to antibiotics. The reviews of several studies of coronaviral infections have shown that treatment with antibiotics failed to correlate with the decreased all-cause mortality. In this work, we have reviewed some aspects of therapy with antibiotics, including ethical ones. Ethical aspects of antibiotic therapy concern decisions of physicians about administration of commonly unnecessary antimicrobial agents.

Received: 2022-12-21

Published online: 2023-02-25

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.002

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VIEWS 1492

Strakhov VV, Korsakov MK, Fedorov VN, Vdovichenko VP, Shetnev AA, Popova AA, Volkhin NN

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Its leading symptom and the most important initial link of the disease pathogenesis is represented by an increase of intraocular pressure (IOP). Decrease of IOP is a basic notion in the therapy of glaucoma. Drug-induced therapy is currently the most widely spread initial intervention to decrease IOP. Prostaglandin analogues are referred to the basic group of pharmacotherapeutic agents, because they are the most effective and well tolerated. Beta-blocking agents are selected as an alternative. Other medicinal products to treat glaucoma include inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase for systemic (acetazolamide and methazolamide) and local (dorzolamide and brinzolamide) use. Systemic inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase are, on the one hand, more active than non-systemic medicinal preparations, and, on the other hand, have numerous side effects which are not safe for humans. Thus, medicinal preparations for local use are most frequently applied in the therapy of glaucoma. If necessary, they are combined with beta-blocking agents or alpha-adrenergic agonists.

Received: 2023-01-16

Published online: 2023-02-16

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.001

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VIEWS 1907

Drigo AE, Zheltkevich OV, Bazanova TA

No properly formed and subsequent regulation concept has been presented until now by a number of the issues, which are essential for the pharmaceutical branch. Development and a complex structure of the state regional retail market of medicines, including the activity objects as part of organizations with various organizational and legal forms managed or coordinated by representatives of public entities, have been reviewed in complex within the trial. The model of the structure of the state segment considering organizational and legal interactions used during examination of the regional pharmaceutical market in the Kostroma region has been suggested. Distribution of objects within the state segment structure was analyzed. The differences in the strategies of functioning and development of the state and private segments of the regional retail market of medicines have been identified. Legal preconditions and social and economic conditions of the growing role of healthcare institutions in the system of drug supply of population have been designated. It has been established that the tendencies intensifying participation of the state in the system of drug supply to ensure proper management of budgetary resources and risk prevention were accompanied by previously adopted extra-branch changes of legislation. This could result in reduction of the state segment in economics that would inevitably lead to serious changes in the structure of the pharmaceutical market and redistribution of social load among its participants [2]. A serious understanding of prospects of functioning of the state segment of retail trade of medicines is required both at the level of regulatory agencies and within the professional community considering the preservation of social services of medicinal aid and decreased risks of negative phenomena on the pharmaceutical market.

Received: 2022-10-20

Published online: 2023-02-01

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2022.066

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VIEWS 1553

Galeev RR, Lileeva EG, Ryzhkova EA, Galeeva EV, Lezhnina NA

State control over the drug quality is a key component of the healthcare system aimed at provision of patients with safe and effective medicinal products [1]. Stable development of this direction was closely associated with update of testing laboratories, which performed the function, and was characterized as a stable growth of laboratory competencies in the field of not just implementation of new analytical methods, but also in the systemic approach to improvement of skills and knowledge of personnel directly involved in laboratory research. A common approach reflected in accreditation criteria for compliance with GOST ISO 17025 means that the testing laboratory has a plan for internal and external education. However, conventional attitude to this issue does not lead to the desired practical effect. Then the laboratory is urged to find additional ways of development. Formation of competence centers by a certain vector of knowledge on the basis of testing centers can be a perspective option of the systemic approach to updating skills of the personnel. The Yaroslavl branch of the Information Center for Expertise, Accounting and Analysis of Circulation of Human Medicinal Products of the Federal Supervisory Agency for Healthcare and basic department of innovative pharmacy of the Yaroslavl State Medical University that successfully uses the basis can serve as examples of such an approach.

Received: 2022-10-20

Published online: 2023-02-01

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2022.065

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VIEWS 1516

Korotaeva MS, Sidorov AV, Tichonova IG

The review is devoted to safety issues of herbal medicinal products. Apart from the most known adverse effects such as allergic reactions and irritation ofmucous membranes, use of a number of herbal medicines results in hormonal disturbances, organotoxic reactions and CNS disturbances. The problem of intoxication is pressing in case of uncontrolled administration of herbal remedies, which is often accompanied by a carefree attitude towards them as natural and thus safe agents. This assurance is developed in the result of non-ethical advertising of dietary supplements in mass media. Finally, an important factor of safe therapy is comprehensive accounting of potential herb-herb and herb-drug interactions. The purpose of the article is to attract attention to a weighted attitude towards phytotherapy concerning its safety both in administration of traditional herbal medicinal products by doctors and during self-treatment bypatients.

Received: 2022-10-22

Published online: 2023-01-30

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2022.064

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VIEWS 1535

Lavrenteva LI, Kulikova OA

The article is devoted to basic historical stages of establishment of the pharmaceutical faculty of the Yaroslavl State Medical University. Contribution of employees to the faculty development has been described. The work on training of the personnel for modern pharmaceutical industry has been shown. The structure of the pharmacy institute newly created on the basis of the faculty and its basic tasks have been provided. Outcomes of the activity of the faculty devoted to training of pharmaceutical personnel are summarized.

Received: 2022-10-21

Published online: 2023-01-25

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2022.063

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VIEWS 1505

Shchapov AN, Kuznetsova ED, Karpenko LV, Sapognikova NG, Rozaeva EE, Galaktionova TV

Due to a high incidence of chemical compounds and chemical technologies, ethics of chemistry should apply in-depth knowledge aimed to reach the maximum of expected utility. This requires a certain concept of ethical and chemical orientation. The article describes certain elements of humanitarian approach used by us while studying chemical disciplines intended for 1st and 2nd year students in General Medicine, Pediatrics, Dentistry, Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacy.

Received: 2022-10-23

Published online: 2023-01-23

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2022.062

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VIEWS 1496

Speshilova SA, Sinitsina OA, Lileeva EG, Demarina SM, Palyutin ShH

The main objectives that arise while teaching future chemists currently include formation of knowledge, abilities and skills of pharmacological support of treatment of diseases that enable effective work aimed at implementation of professional tasks and degree of mastery over labor functions. While teaching clinical pharmacology at the pharmaceutical department, we follow the path of an increased scope of new topics on private matters of the discipline including assessment of effectiveness and safety of medicinal preparations taking into account adverse reactions, issues of pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology and provisions of evidence-based medicine. In Russian medicine, it is common to adhere to the principle that moral standards are interwoven into clinical practice. This principle is followed during teaching. Proper management of the educational process will enable students to independently work with literature, critically assess new data and continuously improve their professionalism in future.

Received: 2022-10-21

Published online: 2023-01-23

DOI: 10.24075/medet.2022.061

Comments 0

VIEWS 1571